Working Drawing Floor Plan Scale
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Understanding the concept of architectural scales and scale drawings
Calibration drawings allow us to accurately represent sites, spaces, buildings and details to a smaller or more than practical size than the original.
When a drawing is described as 'to scale', it ways that each chemical element in that drawing is in the aforementioned proportion, related to the real or proposed matter it is smaller or indeed larger by a detail percentage.
If something is 'drawn to scale' nosotros expect that it has been drawn, or printed, to a common scale that is used equally standard in the construction industry. As we gain a better agreement of scale, we tin can view a drawing in a particular scale and instantly recognise and empathize the spaces, zones and gain a quick agreement of the existing or proposed spatial relationships.
In the real earth, one meter is equal to 1 meter. A drawing at a scale of 1:x ways that the object is 10 times smaller than in real life scale 1:1. Y'all could as well say, one unit in the cartoon is equal to 10 units in real life.
As the numbers in the scale get bigger, i.e. 1:50 – 1:200, the elements in the drawing actually get smaller. This is considering in a cartoon at 1:50 there is 1 unit for every 50 unit of measurement in real life. A drawing of one:200 is representing 200 units for every one unit – and therefore is showing the elements smaller than the i:50 drawing.
It is worth noting that calibration drawings stand for the same units. So, if a drawing is at 1:50 in cm, 1cm in the drawing will exist equal to 50cm in existent life. Similarly, if a cartoon is in mm, at ane:200 – ane mm unit in the drawing volition represent 200mm in real life.
The epitome above shows an instance of a drawing set with different scales to demonstrate different aspects of the design. (cad drawing courtesy of bibliocad.com). Yous may desire to represent a site plan at a scale of 1:500, simply possibly show flooring plans at 1:100 for case.
Working with scales for architectural representation
In architecture, we utilize a collection of standard scales to represent our designs. For example, it is common do to produce flooring plans at a scale of 1:100 (dependent on size of project and paper). Once you gain an understanding of scales, it is easy to empathize which scale is near suited to which type of drawing.
Calibration bar blocks courtesy of cad-blocks.co.uk.
These scale bars show what one unit represents at different scales.
The general requirement of a scaled drawing is to convey the relevant information clearly with the required level of detail. If you are working in practise there will oftentimes be part standards. For example, they may only apply layout sheets of either A3 or A1 – depending on the scale of the project and information that is being represented. Equally a student, you need to brand these decisions based on industry standard. Information technology is always best to utilize a 'round' scale, i.eastward., one of the scales mentioned beneath, and not make up your own.
What scale should I use?
The following looks at the recommended scales for architectural utilize in the metric system. The chosen scale and paper size will often depend on the size of site/design of each private projection.
Location Programme and Cardinal Plans
1:1250 (often requested by planners)
ane:thousand
1:500
Site Plans, Sketch schemes etc
1:200
one:100
Program drawings floor plans, elevations, sections
1:100
1:50
Room plans, interior elevations
1:twenty
Component / detail drawings
ane:10
1:5
Working out the calibration
A calibration is shown as a ratio, for instance 1:100. A drawing at a scale of 1:100 means that the object is 100 times smaller than in real life scale 1:1. You lot could also say, 1 unit in the drawing is equal to 100 units in real life.
So, if we were cartoon a table that measured 100cm broad past 200cm long at a scale of 1:50, you lot would draw the table 2cm wide by 4cm long on your piece of paper. This is worked out by dividing the real life size (100cm) by 50 (1:50 scale). This gives you a outcome of 2cm. For the length of the table we separate 200cm by 50 to get a event of 4cm.
Of form, it is not necessary to calculate the required measurements when you lot draw. You tin can either use a scale ruler to hand draw your plans, or software such as Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD that will allow you to present your drawings at any calibration and hands switch between scales every bit required.
How to use a scale ruler
A calibration ruler is a tool that architects, engineers and designers utilize to draw their designs at an appropriate scale that it fits on a piece of paper and is in proportion to accurately convey the scheme. The scale ruler comes in dissimilar shapes, flat or triangular but they all provide sets of graduated numbered spaces, that establishes a proportion of i unit to the specified unit, i.due east. different scales. Equally an example, the ruler I have in front of me now has the following scales; 1:1, 1:100, ane:20, 1:200, 1:five, 1:500, 1:1250, 1:2500.
Scale rules have varying number of scales on them, depending on their intended utilise. Using a calibration dominion is pretty piece of cake when yous know how.
When you are cartoon a plan, you select the scale you intend to utilise by turn the ruler to the advisable side. You tin can then draw the line to the desired measurement using the scale ruler. For case, if you have select to draw a 5m wall at 1:100, you would select your ane:100 side of the ruler, and draw v units along the ruler, as each unit represents 1m.
When yous are reading plans, you establish the scale of the drawing or plans, and select that scale on your ruler, you are so able to measure the lines using the correct scale.
How to calibration a cartoon up or downwards
Permit'southward look at converting a calibration drawing to a different scale. You can considering changing the scale of a drawing past a decimal factor or by a percentage. For example, lets imagine we accept a drawing at 1:50, simply we want amend the calibration, to show that drawing at 1:200. A drawing at 1:200 is 4 times larger than a cartoon at i:fifty, therefore we would demand to increase the size of the drawing four 10. The tabular array below demonstrates the different scale factors required to convert a scale up or down.
Tabular array: Converting scales up or down
Being able to calibration drawings up and downward using percentages has go very useful also. Working in Adobe (Photoshop, InDesign etc), you will observe yous tin can adjust the size of an object using a percentage, which is great if you are wanting to accurately scale a drawing up or down while working in photoshop while maintaining a precise scale.
Lets imagine yous are working on a drawing that you have imported into an A4 sized photoshop certificate. The drawing yous have imported does non quite fit at its current scale of one:50, so you will need to reduce the scale in order to squeeze the paradigm onto the page, while maintaining an accurate scale. By using the tabular array below, we can see that to convert from a scale of ane:50, downwards to one:100 we would need to reduce the drawing by 50%. To exercise this nosotros would make sure the dimension ratios of the image are locked, and proceed to type 50% into the size box.
Obviously this is a simple example just y'all get the idea. The table below provides the bones conversion percentages to scale a drawing up or down using the standard metric scales.
Table: Converting scales upwardly or downwards
Paper size scales and magnification
We tin can now look at alteration newspaper size scales and magnification. At that place are times when you may have a drawing on an A4 slice of paper, that you need to calibration upward to an A3 piece of paper for instance. Let's imagine y'all were needing to trace this drawing so would use a photocopier to calibration the cartoon up to the necessary size.
How to catechumen paper sizes?
To convert the paper size you lot can use the percentages in the table below. Note that these percentages exercise not stand for to the scale factors. So, if you scale or magnify a newspaper size accurately, it does not hateful that you will retain an accurate (or standard) scale of the drawing. And then, if you want to increase the scale of a drawing using a photocopier, but want to increase it to a standard calibration (i:ten for case) and so you must utilise the percentage factors for converting calibration. If it is just the newspaper size you wish to modify, and so you lot can use the paper size converter. I hope that makes sense.
Tabular array: Converting newspaper sizes and magnification factors
Working with paper sizes
When working with ISO paper layouts we know that the standard size of paper was developed on the basis of an area of 1m2, divided according to the ratio of the sides.
This basic format of 1m2 then forms the footing for all other smaller sizes. All A sized newspaper is either halving or doubling the basic format.
10 10 Y = ane
Below is a list of all the A paper sizes.
Working with scales digitally
Ane of the nifty things about using digital drafting software is that you can produce drawings as multiple scales from one single cartoon. Programs such equally Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD and many more, allow you to draw up your designs at i:1 scale, that is real life size, and produce drawings or plots of these designs at an appropriate scale for the newspaper size you have selected.
When working in CAD yous tin let the software practice some of the hard work for you by making utilize of the paper space option to create layouts. On your layout sheet you are then able to create viewports which characteristic your drawing at the required scale. I have recorded a couple of tutorials that volition help with setting up drawings for printing at advisable scales.
I have likewise recorded a tutorial that explains how to calibration a drawing in cad. This is useful if you take imported a drawing at a different scale.
Y'all can download my dynamic scale bar cad blocks here:
Yous tin can download a handy pdf of this post by clicking the download button below!
Hope you lot find this useful, if you have whatever questions, or there is something else you would similar to know virtually, please driblet me an emaill (emma@firstinarchitecture.co.uk) or annotate below
Source: https://www.firstinarchitecture.co.uk/understanding-scales-and-scale-drawings/
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